ROMA (ITALPRESS) – In Italy between 2011 and 2024 630 thousand young people (18-34 years) emigrated, 49% from the North and 35% from the South. The net balance of immigrants is -441 thousand. Overall, young people abroad in 2011-24 correspond to 7% of young people living in Italy in 2024. This is what emerges from the CNEL Report “The attraction of Italy for the young people of the advanced countries”, approved by the Assembly last December 4 and today widely illustrated in a Guide out of news with the Sun 24 Hours.
In only 2024 the young people who left the country were 78 thousand. The net balance of immigrants is -61 thousand. In 2024 the number of expats is 24% of the number of births. • In the three-year period 2022-2024 among young migrants the share of graduates is 42.1%, increasing compared to 33.8% of the entire period 2011-24. • The value of human capital issued by our country in 2011-24 is approximately 160 billion euros. It is the cost, estimated on the migration balance, supported by families and, for education alone, by the public sector, to grow and educate young Italian emigrants. The three regions with the greatest value are Lombardy (28.4 billion),Sicily (16.7) and Veneto (14.8). In terms of GDP the value of the human capital issued by the country in 2011-24 is 7.5%.
The first ten advanced nations to which young Italians go are, in alphabetical order: Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Spain, Switzerland and the USA. In 2011-24 are expats in these countries 486 thousand young Italians. In the same period 55 thousand young citizens of these same countries arrived in Italy. So, nine Italians out for an incoming foreigner. • In 2011-24 they moved from the Mezzogiorno to the Centre-Nord, net of those who arrived, 484 thousand young Italians. To this human capital corresponds a value of 147 billion euros, of which 79 billion relative to the transfer of young graduates, 55 to that of graduates and 14 to that of non- graduates.
Italy, like all the advanced countries, is the recipient of copious arrivals of people from poorer countries. At the same time, tens of thousands of young Italian citizens leave from our country, headed towards other advanced countries, without the arrival of as many young people. This is the last aspect – CNEL emphasizes – which distinguishes us. Thus Italy is losing a quantitative and qualitatively important part of its young and qualified generation: a structural exodus, not episodic, not compensated by equivalent arrivals from other advanced economic and social systems. Making Italy more attractive for young people – CNEL concludes – means solving our cultural and economic delays and making that qualitative leap that would allow the country to grow and develop more and higher standards of life for all.
The CNEL Report also reports the results of a survey conducted among young people in Italy, Spain, France, Germany and the United Kingdom, regarding both the drive to go abroad, which is much higher in Italy, and the attraction of Italy, very low, especially among young Germans. The survey confirms that young Italians put in place the best job opportunities as motivation to go away, but not much above the greater efficiency of public systems, recognition of civil rights and the higher quality of life. The country most chosen by young Europeans and Americans to move abroad is Germany, with a 20% share. Following the United Kingdom with 16.9%, Spain with 15.4%, France with 15.1%, Switzerland with 14.7%. Italy is chosen only from 1.9%, preceded by Denmark (3.2%) and Sweden (3.4%), but they are much smaller for population and economy.
The first destination of young Italian emigrants is the United Kingdom, with a share of 26.5%. The second is Germany, with 21.2% and following Switzerland (13.0%), France (10.9%) and Spain (8.2%). The percentages vary a lot between the different Italian regions. Almost half of the South Tyroleans go to Austria and over a quarter in Germany. From Meridione it starts mainly for Germany (30.4%, with 39.1% from Sicily) and the United Kingdom (24.5%), then in Switzerland (12.6%).
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(ITALPRESS).
